Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe he blog mālama keiki maʻamau a mea heluhelu ʻatikala paha, ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā paka leʻaleʻa ma ka honua.
I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe e kākoʻo i nā hana palekana e like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o nā mea hana, ke kau ʻana i nā cushions ʻōwili, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā keiki mai nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pā leʻaleʻa o kēia manawa.Eia nō naʻe, hopohopo kekahi poʻe no kēlā pāka leʻaleʻa palekana e hōʻoluʻolu i nā keiki.
ʻO kēia mau hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ka palekana a me kona hopena me he mea lā he mea koʻikoʻi ia e hoʻomau i ka manawa, akā ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe manaʻo hou.No ka mea, ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia kēia mau pilikia no hoʻokahi haneli, e nānā kākou i ka mōʻaukala hoʻomohala o ka pā leʻaleʻa me kēia mau pilikia.
1859: Park Amusement Park ma Manchester, ʻEnelani
ʻO ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā keiki e hoʻomohala i ko lākou pilikanaka a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana ma o nā kahua pāʻani i hoʻokumu ʻia mai ke kahua pāʻani i pili i nā kula kiʻekiʻe o Kelemania.Eia naʻe, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka pā pāʻani mua e hoʻolako i ka lehulehu a me ke komo manuahi ʻana aia ma ka paka ma Manchester, ʻEnelani i ka makahiki 1859. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia ke kahua pāʻani ma ke ʻano he kahua ākea ākea a hoʻomaka e kūkulu ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka honua. .
1887: ʻO ka paka leʻaleʻa mua ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa - ʻo Golden Gate Park Amusement Park ma Kapalakiko.
I kēlā manawa, he neʻe paionia kēia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.Aia i loko o nā pā leʻaleʻa nā kowali, nā paheʻe, a me nā kaʻa kao (e like me nā kaʻa bipi; nā kaʻa huki kao).ʻO ka mea kaulana loa a kaulana hoʻi ʻo ia ka merry go round, i kūkulu ʻia me "Doric poles" (ua hoʻololi ʻia kēia merry go round e ka merry go round i ka makahiki 1912).Ua kaulana loa ka merry go puni i ka World Expo i mālama ʻia ma New York i ka makahiki 1939.
1898: Pāka Lealea no Saving Souls
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo John Dewey (he kanaka akeakamai ʻAmelika kaulana, kumu aʻoaʻo a me ka ʻepekema): He mea nui ka pāʻani i nā keiki e like me ka hana.Manaʻo nā hui e like me Outdoor Recreation League e hiki i nā keiki ma nā wahi ʻilihune ke komo i ke kahua pāʻani.Ua hāʻawi lākou i nā paheʻe a me nā seesaws i nā wahi ʻilihune, a ua hoʻouna pū aku i nā limahana e alakaʻi i nā keiki pehea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā mea leʻaleʻa.E hauʻoli nā keiki ʻilihune i ka leʻaleʻa o ka pāʻani, a kōkua iā lākou e ulu a ulu maikaʻi.
1903: Ua kūkulu ʻia e ke aupuni he pāka leʻaleʻa
Ua kūkulu ʻo New York City i ka paka leʻaleʻa kūloko mua - Seward Park Amusement Park, kahi i hoʻolako ʻia me ka lua paheʻe a me ke one a me nā mea leʻaleʻa ʻē aʻe.
1907: Hele ʻo Pāka Leʻaleʻa i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa (USA)
Ma kahi haʻiʻōlelo, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo Pelekikena Theodore Roosevelt i ke koʻikoʻi o nā kahua pāʻani no nā keiki:
ʻAʻole hiki i nā alanui o ke kūlanakauhale ke hoʻokō i nā pono o nā keiki.Ma muli o ka hāmama o nā alanui, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pāʻani leʻaleʻa e uhaki i nā kānāwai a me nā lula.Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kauwela wela a me nā wahi kaona nui he mau wahi e aʻo ai nā kānaka e hana hewa.ʻO ka pā hale o ka ʻohana ka nui o ka turf decorative, hiki ke hoʻokō wale i nā pono o nā keiki liʻiliʻi.Makemake nā keiki ʻōpio e pāʻani i nā pāʻani hoihoi a me nā pāʻani, a pono kēia mau pāʻani i nā wahi kikoʻī - nā paka leʻaleʻa.Ma muli o ka nui o nā pāʻani i nā keiki e like me ke kula, pono e kaulana nā pā pāʻani e like me nā kula, i hiki i kēlā me kēia keiki ke pāʻani i loko.
1912: Ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pilikia palekana o ke kahua pāʻani
ʻO New York ke kūlanakauhale mua i hāʻawi i ka mea nui i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā paka leʻaleʻa a hoʻoponopono i ka hana o nā paka leʻaleʻa.I kēlā manawa, aia ma kahi o 40 mau paka leʻaleʻa ma New York City, ma Manhattan a me Brooklyn (ʻo Manhattan ma kahi o 30).Hoʻolako ʻia kēia mau pā leʻaleʻa me nā slides, seesaws, swings, basketball stands, etc., hiki ke pāʻani ʻia e nā mākua a me nā keiki.I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe palapala aʻo no ka palekana o ka pā leʻaleʻa.
ʻO McDonald's i nā makahiki 1960: kahi pāka leʻaleʻa pāʻoihana
I ka makahiki 1960, ua lilo ka pā pāʻani o nā keiki i papahana hoʻopukapuka kaulana loa.ʻAʻole hiki i ke kahua pāʻani ke loaʻa kālā wale nō, akā hoʻokele pū i nā ʻoihana a puni.Nui ka poʻe e hoʻopiʻi nei iā McDonald's no ka mea ua wehe ʻo ia i nā paka leʻaleʻa he nui i loko o kāna mau hale ʻaina (kokoke i ka 8000 mai ka makahiki 2012), a hiki i nā keiki ke hoʻohui iā ia.
1965: Ka make ʻana o ke kahua pāʻani ʻike
Ua paʻi ʻia kekahi paka leʻaleʻa me ka hoʻolālā ʻokoʻa - ua hōʻole ʻo New York City i ka groundbreaking Adele Levy Memorial Amusement Park i hoʻolālā ʻia e Isamu Noguchi lāua ʻo Louis Kahn.
ʻO Adele Levy Memorial Amusement Park ma Riverside Park, New York City, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana hope loa ma ke kahua pāʻani i hoʻolālā ʻia e Noguchi, i hoʻopau pū ʻia me Louis Kahn.Ua hoʻāla ʻia kona helehelena i ka poʻe e noʻonoʻo hou i ke ʻano o ke kahua pāʻani.He kūpono kona hoʻolālā no nā keiki o nā makahiki āpau, a piha i ka lewa kiʻi: nani a ʻoluʻolu, akā naʻe ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia.
1980: 1980s: ka hoʻopiʻi aupuni a me ke alakaʻi aupuni
I ka makahiki 1980, no ka mea, ua pilikia pinepine nā mākua a me nā keiki i ke kahua pāʻani, ua hoʻomau ʻia nā hoʻopiʻi.I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia pilikia koʻikoʻi nui, pono e hoʻokō ka hana ʻoihana me ka Public Amusement Park Safety Manual (ka paʻi mua o ka manual i hoʻopuka ʻia ma 1981) i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Consumer Commodity Safety Protection Commission.Heluhelu ʻia ka ʻāpana "Introduction" o ka manual:
"Ua palekana paha kāu kahua pāʻani? I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki 200000 i loko o ka hale ICU ma muli o nā pōʻino ma ke kahua pāʻani. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou ke kumu o ka hāʻule ʻana mai kahi kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia manual hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e nānā i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke kahua pāʻani a hiki i nā mea pāʻani ke pilikia palekana"
He kikoʻī loa kēia manual, e like me ke koho ʻana i ka pūnaewele o ka pā leʻaleʻa, nā mea, nā hale, nā kikoʻī, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pā leʻaleʻa.ʻO kēia ka puke aʻo koʻikoʻi mua e hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā paka leʻaleʻa.
I ka makahiki 2000, ʻehā mau mokuʻāina: Kaleponi, Michigan, New Jersey a me Texas i hoʻoholo i ka "Amusement Park Design" Act, e manaʻo ana e hōʻoia i ka palekana o nā paka leʻaleʻa.
2005: "ʻAʻole Holo" Pāka ʻoliʻoli
Ua kau nā kula ma Broward County, Florida, i nā hōʻailona "No Running" i loko o ka pā leʻaleʻa, kahi i noʻonoʻo ai ka poʻe inā he "palekana loa" ka pā leʻaleʻa.
2011: "Ke kahua pāʻani Flash"
Ma New York, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pā leʻaleʻa i ka wahi kumu.Ma mua, pāʻani nā keiki ma nā alanui.Ua ʻike ke aupuni o New York City i ke ʻano like me ka "flash shop" kaulana a wehe i kahi "flash playground" i nā kaiāulu i mālama ʻole ʻia: inā kūpono, e pani i kahi ʻāpana o ke alanui e like me ka pā leʻaleʻa, mālama i kekahi mau hana haʻuki, a hoʻonohonoho i kekahi. nā kaʻi a i ʻole nā mea pāʻani e hui pū me ka lehulehu.
Ua ʻoluʻolu loa ʻo New York i ka hopena o kēia ana, no laila ua wehe lākou i 12 "flash sports fields" i ke kauwela o 2011, a ua kiʻi i kekahi mau ʻoihana e aʻo i nā kamaʻāina e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka yoga, rugby, etc.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-22-2022